SPASE Metadata (NumericalData)
type: Distribution
access URL: https://data.aeronomie.be/dataset/c6e07f22-b7b9-421c-858c-d3c991ffe6f7/resource/b28e70f2-9a14-44f7-88d4-597135ed64e3/download/dataset_azur_ei_88.spase.xml
byte size: 21167
media type: https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/text/xml
description: Description of the data file structure in [SPASE] format [SPASE]: <https://doi.org/10.48322/E72C-5Y75> "Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) Base Information Model, 2021, SPASE Group"
format: XML
issued: 2026-08-26T15:34:43.790490
license: CC BY 4 0
modified: 2026-08-27T08:09:24.969042

AZUR/EI-88: Medium-energy low-altitude trapped proton and alpha-particle data (1969–1970)
type: Dataset
identifier: 40t59lob
contact point: Organization
  fn: Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Ruimte-Aeronomie @nl
  fn: Institut royal d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique @fr
  fn: Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
keyword: AZUR
keyword: Radiation Belts
keyword: AP-8 MAX
landing page: https://data.aeronomie.be/dataset/c6e07f22-b7b9-421c-858c-d3c991ffe6f7
temporal resolution: PT10S
theme: TECH
accrual periodicity: AS_NEEDED
bibliographic citation: Heynderickx, D., & Kruglanski, M. (2026). AZUR/EI-88: Medium-energy low-altitude trapped proton and alpha-particle data (1969–1970) (Version 1) [Dataset]. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy. https://doi.org/10.18758/40T59LOB
conforms to: 10.48322/E72C-5Y75
creator: Heynderickx, Daniel
  type: Person
  family name: Heynderickx
  given name: Daniel
  member of: Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
creator: Kruglanski, Michel
  type: Person
  family name: Kruglanski
  given name: Michel
  member of: Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
description: ## AZUR The magnetically aligned spacecraft AZUR (also called GRS-A), launched into a near-polar orbit on 08 Nov 1969, was a product of a joint effort by NASA-GSFC and the German _Bundesministerium fuer Wissenschaftliche Forschung_ (BMWF) and had as its primary purpose the acquisition of terrestrial radiation belt data. The instrument complement included detectors to measure the directional and omnidirectional fluxes of protons and electrons. These instruments and the high quality of the resulting measurements made the AZUR mission particularly well suited for the study of the trapped radiation environment, despite the short duration of the mission. ## Experiment EI-88 The energetic proton measurements, which were collected during the maximum of Solar Cycle 20, were the basis for the low altitude part of the NASA model AP-8 MAX [Sawyer & Vette, 1976]. The payload consisted of seven instruments. Descriptions of each instrument package can be found in [Achtermann et al., 1970] (see also [Hovestadt et al., 1972]). The EI-88 experiment consisted of two identical proton-alpha particle telescopes, one oriented perpendicular and one oriented at 45 degrees with respect to the local magnetic field vector. In the northern hemisphere, the 45 degree telescope pointed upwards. The telescopes detected protons and alpha particles in the Earth's trapping region. Unfortunately, the data gathered after 5 March 1970 have been lost. __Principal Investigator__: D.K. Hovestadt, Max Planck Institut fuer Extra-Terrestrische Physik ## Dataset In the framework of the ESA/ESTEC [TREND-2] study, D. Heynderickx restored the data from the original NSSDC magnetic tapes [69-097A-02A,04A], performed detailed data checks and removed bad and suspicious data records. In the framework of the ESA/ESTEC [TREND-3] study, magnetic parameters were computed using [UNILIB]. ## Acknowledgment * National Space Science Data Center, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. * D.K. Hovestadt, Max…
issued: 2026-08-25T08:12:14.712824
language: ENG
modified: 2026-08-27T08:29:07.000305
publisher: Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
spatial: Location
temporal: PeriodOfTime
  end date: 1970-03-15
  start date: 1969-11-16
is funded by: Dataset generated in the framework of the ESA/ESTEC TREND-2 and TREND-3 studies (contract No 9828/92/NL/FM and 11711/95/NL/JG)
version info: 1

Dataset AZUR/EI-88
type: Distribution
access URL: https://data.aeronomie.be/dataset/c6e07f22-b7b9-421c-858c-d3c991ffe6f7/resource/11fbc968-897f-42df-bd9c-ec1ea140c6ec/download/dataset_azur_ei_88.csv
byte size: 51215583
media type: x-comma-separated-values
description: The file includes 230,974 records and one header lines. Each record includes 35 fields: ### `cdf_epoch` (column 01) [CDF] Epoch, milliseconds since year 0 (proleptic Gregorian calendar with astronomical year numbering). ### `epoch` (column 02) Epoch in [RFC3339] format. ### `quality` (column 03) Original data quality flag (0: _good_; 1: _average_; 2: _bad_). ### `position_gei_x`, `position_gei_y`, `position_gei_z` (columns 04-06) Satellite position in Geocentric Equatorial Inertial (GEI) Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z), in km. ### `b_meas_bx`, `b_meas_by`, `b_meas_bz` (columns 07-09) Measured magnetic field components (x,y,z), in Gauss. ### `fpdu_1_1.5-2.7`, `fpdu_1_2.7-5.2`, `fpdu_1_5.2-10.4`, `fpdu_1_10.4-22.0`, `fpdu_1_22.4-48.8`, `fpdu_1_48.8-104.0` (columns 10-15) Differential directional proton fluxes measured by the telescope oriented perpendicular with respect to the local magnetic field vector, in cm⁻² s⁻¹ sr⁻¹ MeV⁻¹, for the six energy channels * 1.5 - 2.7 MeV * 2.7 - 5.2 MeV * 5.2 - 10.4 MeV * 10.4 - 22.0 MeV * 22.4 - 48.8 MeV * 48.8 - 104.0 MeV ### `fpdu_2_1.5-2.7`, `fpdu_2_2.7-5.2`, `fpdu_2_5.2-10.4`, `fpdu_2_10.4-22.0`, `fpdu_2_22.4-48.8`, `fpdu_2_48.8-104.0` (columns 16-21) Differential directional proton fluxes measured by the telescope oriented at 45° with respect to the local magnetic field vector (in the northern hemisphere, the telescope pointed upwards), in cm⁻² s⁻¹ sr⁻¹ MeV⁻¹, for the six energy channels * 1.5 - 2.7 MeV * 2.7 - 5.2 MeV * 5.2 - 10.4 MeV * 10.4 - 22.0 MeV * 22.4 - 48.8 MeV * 48.8 - 104.0 MeV ### `fadu_1_6.0-19.0` (column 22) Differential directional alpha flux measured by the 90° telescope, in cm⁻² s⁻¹ sr⁻¹ MeV⁻¹. Energy range: 6.0 - 19.0 MeV. ### `fadu_2_6.0-19.0` (column 23) Differential directional alpha flux measured by the 45° telescope, in cm⁻² s⁻¹ sr⁻¹ MeV⁻¹. Energy range: 6.0 - 19.0 MeV. ### UNILIB data (columns 24-35) Magnetic field related coordinates computed with [UNILIB] for both telescopes using a combination of the…
format: CSV
issued: 2026-08-25T09:45:10.790998
license: CC BY 4 0
modified: 2026-08-27T08:08:23.983989