TOAR II assessment : combined satellite tropospheric ozone data

Combined satellite tropospheric ozone column data generated and analysed for the second Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (Hubert et al., 2026; doi:10.1098/rsta.2025.0274). Fifteen satellite data records were combined after harmonisation to a common vertical column (surface to thermal tropopause) and a common spatio-temporal grid (monthly x 1° latitude x 1° longitude). Three netCDF files (CF-1.13, ACDD-1.3 compliant) can be downloaded in the Data and Resources section below.

  • 2002-2022 monthly (anomaly) time series (70°S-80°N, 5° resolution): time x lat x lon (29.3 MB)
  • 2018-2022 mean seasonal cycle (70°S-70°N, 1° resolution): month x lat x lon (23.5 MB)
  • 2018-2022 mean (90°S-90°N, 1° resolution): lat x lon (3.0 MB)

Each file provides tropospheric ozone columns from the surface to the thermal tropopause, associated uncertainty estimates, effective pressure limits defining the tropospheric layer, as well as factors that allow to convert the ozone columns (mole content) to column-averaged dry-air volume mixing ratios (mole fractions).

Technical note The combination approach can be found in Section 3b of Hubert et al., 2026 (doi:10.1098/rsta.2025.0274) and is described in detail in Section 4 of the Supplementary Material (doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.8658250). The individual harmonised satellite records from which this combined dataset was derived are described by Keppens et al., 2025 (doi:10.5194/amt-18-6893-2025) and were downloaded from doi:10.18758/r7u4z0he.

Data and Resources

Tags

Cite this as (APA format)

Hubert, D., Dufour, G., Sofieva, V. F., Pennington, E. A., Miyazaki, K. (2025). TOAR II assessment : combined satellite tropospheric ozone data (Version 1) [Dataset]. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy. https://doi.org/10.18758/39zdhztg

Users of this DOI are kindly encouraged to contact the author(s) for help and cooperation towards further successful utilisation.

Author(s)
Principal

Hubert, Daanorcid, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
Other(s)

Dufour, Gaëlleorcid, Université Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, LISA; Sofieva, Viktoria F.orcid, Finnish Meteorological Institute; Pennington, Elyse A.orcid, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena; Miyazaki, Kazuyukiorcid, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena;

Contact data-contact of Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy

Technical info
Is referenced by

  • Citation of 10.1098/rsta.2025.0274 not found. Please check PID then inform data-contact. : Paper in review

  • Hubert, D., Miyazaki, K., Dufour, G., Pennington, E. A., Sofieva, V., Arosio, C., Barret, B., Boynard, A., Coldewey-Egbers, M., Cuesta, J., Heue, K.-P., Keppens, A., Kramarova, N. A., Lambert, J.-C., Loyola, D., Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, A. P., Siddans, R., Van Malderen, R., Veefkind, P., … Ziemke, J. R. (2026). Supplementary material from "Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report II: Past and present tropospheric ozone using satellite observations". The Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.8658250
Documentation

https://igacproject.org/activities/TOAR/TOAR-II
Is derived from (sources,...)

Keppens, A., Hubert, D., Granville, J., Lambert, J.-C. (2025). Harmonised satellite tropospheric ozone Climate Data Records (TAPIOWCA) (Version 1) [Data set]. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy. https://doi.org/10.18758/r7u4z0he

Temporal features
Starting

2002-09
Ending

2022-12
Temporal resolution

P1M
Updating frequency

UNKNOWN

Additional info
Funding details

  • BELSPO/BRAIN-2.0 grant B2/223/P1/TAPIOWCA

  • BELSPO/ProDEx grant PEA 4000144130

  • ESA contract 4000126562/19/I-NB–Ozone_cci

  • ESA contract 4000137112/22/I-AG (OREGANO)
Conforms to
Repository homepage

https://data.aeronomie.be/dataset/
Last Updated

October 8, 2026
Created

October 6, 2026

Spatial features

Resolution (m): 1° x 1°